Children and Young people Essay

Traditionally the ratified the legal age of adulthood was 21 but in the past 20-30 geezerhood most jurisdictions have lowered this age to 18. Article 1 of the convention on the refines of the child (CROC) states that any sensation below the age of 18 is child. Also the Children and upstart persons (c be and protection) mo 1998 (NSW) defines a teen person as someone aged between 16-18. These definitions atomic number 18 important because laws treat children and progeny people differently to adults. Before the late 19th century children committing venomous practices were treated in the same way as adult offenders. The theory of an age before which a person could non be held criminally responsible -doli incapax did non exist, and children as unsalted as seven were convicted of near criminal offences. thither were two significant events in the 1980s that mature the rights of children and preteen people inter rural areaally and in common law countries.The two events were the signature of the United Nations Convention on the rights of child (CROC) and the Gillick case. The Convention on the rights of the child (1989) sets come out of the closet a comprehensive set of rights for all children and young people. These rights cover civil, political, economic, social and cultural rights. The Gillick v West Norfolk and Wisbech Health indorsement (1985) was a House of Lords decision. The department of health and Social Security has distributed a flyer advising doctors that they could lawfully provide contraception and advice to persons under 16 big time old without parents consent. The mother of 5 daughters brought and action against the health authority and the DHSS base on her belief that a child under 16 was in addition young to make such decision without parental consent.The greet of stir allowed Mrs Gillicks appeal and took the matter to the House of Lords with affirmed the appeal on the basis that 16 years old was capable of consent in med ical matters provided that she has sufficient understanding and intelligence to understand fully what is proposed. In other worlds children have the rights and ability to make decisions to affect their lives and they can do so competently as long as they understand the implications of their decisions Childrens have the right to education and is compulsory for children aged 6-15 to attend initiate under the Education Act 1990(NSW) Under section 22 of this Act, parents essential send their children to a government or non-government School registered with the NSW board of studies.thither is no minimum legal age limit for young workers fit to the office of industrial relations in NSW however if they are under 15 they must receive authorisation from the NSW Department of Education and culture to leave school. Young people in workplace are cover by all the relevant workplace and safety legislation for workers in NSW. The High Court of Australia followed the decision in the Gillick cas e and stated that one time a person has sufficient maturity and intelligence to understand what is proposed she or he is capable of consenting to medical treatment. Parents have the responsibility to render proper medical cared for their children even if they have religious objections. The children and Young Persons (Care and protection) Act 1998 (NSW) section 174 authorise a medical Practitioner to carry out emergency treatment on a child or young persons without parental consents.Young people do not have the right to leave their parents home before 18 however the law would not normally force young people over 16 to baffle at home against their wishes. Children and young people are protected from difference on the basis of age by the Anti- Discrimination Act 1977 (NSW). This act also outlaws discrimination on the basis of sex, race, and sexuality. The Convention of the rights of the child (CROC) is a legal mechanism which has been important in putting the rights of children on the globular agenda. Once a nation has signed and ratified a accordance the United Nations committee structure monitors and reports on the extent to which hat nation is complying with its international obligation, the committees limitation is that it has no coercive powers. other legal mechanism is the childrens court. Across NSW there are 13 childrens magistrates siting in seven specialists childrens court there also five childrens registrar appointed under the childrens court Act 1998(NSW) to assist in administration of matters before the court. Trade unions are organisations of workers who act together to maintain their rights to good working condition. The Australian council of tidy sum unions (ACTU) provides information about pay and conditions, health and safety issues, apprentice- ships and training and negotiating use of goods and services contracts for young people entering the workforce for the first time. Trade unions are a Non-Legal mechanism for protecting rights o f children and young people. The kids Helpline are just one of the many organisations from which children and young people in crisis can seek advice. It is a non-legal mechanism just like trade unions.It offers 24hr free telephone and online counselling. If children and young people come into contact with the criminal justice system, it usually finished interaction with a police officer when creation arrested or questions about some matter. Seventy eight per cent of the 843 children and young people surveyed tell that the police rarely treated young people with sufficient respect. It could be argued that children and young people l on the whole do not have good relationship with the police. Young people are often targeted for police intervention for lacking respect or simply for being young and out in the public. Children around the world are ill-used and wickednessd where the laws of their countries fail to offer protections to them.There are approximately 250 million child labourers worldwide. In 2007 it was estimated there were as many as ccc 000 children and young people involved in armed conflict with up to 100000 of these believed to be in Africa. In countries ravaged by state of war and famine children lack the protection normally afforded to them within the family. Very tardily in Australia children sat in immigration detention centres having broken no laws, as a result of the previous federal governments punitive laws relating to mental institution seekers.In other countries minors are still being kill for the crimes they have committed The rights on children have come a long way. Australian legislation has established processes and institutions to recognise and protect the important function that children and young people play in out in our society. There is still cause for great concern about the exploitation and abuse of children internationally. The force of international law relies on the domestic measures taken to see the rights con tained in treaties such CROC and the pressure brought to bear by parties not provided by treaty based human right committees.